Injection nozzle



Patented Nov. 6, 1928.

uNiTED" sTATEs Y. I '1,690,893 PATENT OFFICE.

'annimmt nomma, or HANOVER, eEnMANr. I

INJECTION NOZZLE.

Application filed .'hily 27, 1825, Serial No. 46,883, and in Germany April 3, 1924.

The linvention relates to injectornozzles more particularly designed for use inconnection with internal'combustion engines and has for its objects first, the obtaining of a ver fine spray or atomization of the liquid fue passing therethrough; second, the linutin of wear incident to operation.

enerally described my improvement comprises two cooperating members together 'm adapted to form a substantial line contact with each other', one of said members being preferably tapered or conical in form and the other provided with/an annular edge, said `members being also relatively movable into close proximity to each other to produce an exceedingly narrow annular s ace therebetween through which the fue is sprayed. The ressure of the iuid passing through the nozz e is unbalanced and tends to effect a relative movement for enlarging the opening but such movement is yieldably resisted by a relatively high pressure resistance means. However this resistance is only operative when the members are out of contact and therefore does not produce a detrimental impact of the one-against the other.

My invention may be embodied in various specific structuresl but as shown in the drawings;

Figure 1 illustrates a central longitudinal section 'through one form of my'improved injector nozzle.

Figure 2 is a similar view through a modifiedconstruction, and v l Figure 3 is across section on line 3 3 of Figure 2.

As shown in Figure 1 A is the nozzle casing provided with a flange B by means of which it may be secured to the engine casing not shown. Within this casing is arranged a linearly` movable needle or valve member p provided at its inner end with a conically tapering portion d extending, through an' annular substantially knife edge seat portion cv on the casing A. The arrangement is suchv that by suitable adjustment of the member p an exceedinglyinarrow annular passage b is formed between the same and the seat c.

The casingA is provided-preferably on one side thereof with an orifice a' ,through which the liquid-fuel is introduced under the pressure of an injector pump (not shown). The needle p has a portion C ofenlarged diameter passing through a packing gland D and ex- V "A56" .tending outward into a chamber formed by Sistance to the movement of the needle valve a cap E which has a threaded engagement with -tlie end of the casing A. Within the chamber inA the ycap E is a spring e so con- Sti-noted and arranged as to offer a high re- 00 p away from its seat, said resistance pressure however dropping to zero when-the valve is in close proximity to its seat. In addition to. the spring e is a second spring f of relatively light tension which urges the needle valve toward its seat. i

With the construction as thus far described in operation the pressure of the fluid entering through the orifice a and operating on the unbalanced surfaces of the needle valve will tend to move said valve away Afrom its seat. However, the high resistance of the spring e will hold the valve in close proximity to its seat until the fluid pressure has risen sumciently high to overcome suchresistance. 75 The valve will then be moved away from its seat to enlarge the openingfor the passage of` the fluid. Thus where in an internal combustionengine, the quantity'of fuel injected is varied the valve p will automatically adjust its position according .to the uantity passing the nozzle while lmaintaining the high pressure on theiiuid. v

The construction shown in Figure 32 is modified by substituting for the member p with the tapering end lportion b a member p' having a head portion with a peripheral knife edge L for contacting with an inwardly flared seat g. The seat g maybe'form'ed upon an insertm which, as shown, has a threaded engagement with the casing A. Surround# ing the member p and within the casing A'is a coil spring i which is seated at its inner end against the shoulder F on the casing and at its outer .fend bears against a collar or ca nut 7c having a threaded engagement wit the end of the member p. This collarorcap is cut away on opposite sides as shown in Fi ure 3 to provide passage for the uid througi the casing. Z is.' a sto member having a threaded engagement with the casing so as to be adjustable in relation to the cap member 7c. As shown, the member Z is threaded into a packing gland G having a threaded engagement with the casing A. j l With this modified construction the .tension of the spring may be adjusted by the cap lc and vis such ae-to oier there uired resistance tothe movement of the va ve away from its seat. The vvalve is, however, held 11 from actual contact withits seat by adjustment of the stop Z thereby preventing iii- 'Ju to the knife edge. ith both constructions illustrated the size of the orifice in theiiozzle is varied according to the quantity of liquid fuel passing through the same and at all times a high pressure is maintained on said fluid. On the other hand the valve is relieved from any pressure tendingto cause an impact of the same against the seat and thus the wearing of either the knife edge or the surface of the cooperating member is largely eliminated. v

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a fuel admission device for internal combustion engines, the combination of two cooperating relatively movable members'together adapted to form an annular line contact and means for effecting a high resistant pressure against the movement of one of said members away from the other, said means being substantially inactive when said members are in position of closest approach.

2. In afuel admission device for internal combustion engines the combination of 'two relatively movablecooperating members one of which has an annular edge portion and the other a seat portion opposed thereto, means for limiting the pressure urging one of said members toward the other when said members are in close proximity but out of contact and means lfor effecting a high resistant pressure to the separation of said members from said position ofproximity.

3. In a fuel admission device for internal l combustion engines, the combination with a being ,subject to unbalanced fluid pressure' urging the same away from its seat, of means centric conical surfaceopposed thereto, said valve being subject tof-the unbalanced sure of the Huid urging the same away rom its seat, of means for yieldably resisting the vmovement of said valve away from its seat, said resistance dropping to approximately .the zero point when said Valve is in close proximity to its seat.

5. In a fuel admission device for internal combustion engines theicombination with a valve and its seat, one of which has an annular substantially knife edge and the other a concentric conical surface o posed thereto, said valve being subject to the unbalanced pressure of the fiuid urging the same away from its seat, of means for effecting a high resistance pressure to the movement of said valve away from its seat and a stop holding said valve out of contact with its seat.

6. In a fuel admission device for internal combustion engines the combination with a valve and its seat, one'of which has an annular substantially knife edge and the other a concentric conical surface opposed thereto` saidV valve being subject to the unbalanced ressure of the Huid urging the same away from its seat, o f means for effecting a high resist,- ance pressure to the movement of said valve awayfrom its seat and an adjustable sto holding said valve vout of Contact with sai seat permittingits movement into close proximity thereto. -A

HERMANN DORNER. 

